Glycerol monostearatehow to dissolve glycerol monostearate, glycerol monostearate banned, glycerol monostearate vegan, glycerol monostearate solubility, glycerol monostearate e471, glycerol monostearate safety, glycerol monostearate in cosmetics, glycerol monostearate halal

Glycerol monostearate

Glycerol monostearate, commonly known as GMS, is a monoglyceride commonly used as an emulsifier in foods.^[3] It takes the form of a white, odorless, and sweet-tasting flaky powder that is hygroscopic. Chemically it is the glycerol ester of stearic acid.

Contents

• 1Structure, synthesis, and occurrence
• 2Uses
• 3See also
• 4Compendial status
• 5References
  

  Structure, synthesis, and occurrence

  Glycerol monostearate exists as three stereoisomers, the enantiomeric pair of 1-glycerol monostearate and 2-glycerol monostearate. Typically these are encountered as a mixture as many of their properties are similar.
  Commercial material used in foods is produced industrially by a glycerolysis reaction between triglycerides (from either vegetable or animal fats) and glycerol.^[4]
  Glycerol monostearate occurs naturally in the body as a product of the breakdown of fats by pancreatic lipase. It is present at very low levels in certain seed oils.

  Uses

  GMS is a food additive used as a thickening, emulsifying, anti-caking, and preservative agent; an emulsifying agent for oils, waxes, and solvents; a protective coating for hygroscopic powders; a solidifier and control release agent in pharmaceuticals; and a resin lubricant. It is also used in cosmetics and hair-care products.^[5]
  GMS is largely used in baking preparations to add "body" to the food. It is somewhat responsible for giving ice cream and whipped cream their smooth texture. It is sometimes used as an antistaling agent in bread.

  See also

  • Glyceryl hydroxy stearate
  • Monolaurin

  Compendial status

  • British Pharmacopoeia ^[6]

  References

  1. ^ Averill, H. P.; Roche, J. N.; King, C. G. (March 1929). "SYNTHETIC GLYCERIDES. I. PREPARATION AND MELTING POINTS OF GLYCERIDES OF KNOWN CONSTITUTION". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 51 (3): 866–872. DOI:10.1021/ja01378a032.
  2. ^ Buchnea, Dmytro (February 1967). "Acyl migration in glycerides. I. A bimolecular resonant ion complex as an intermediate in acyl migration of monoglycerides". Chemistry and Physics of Lipids. 1 (2): 113–127. DOI:10.1016/0009-3084(67)90004-7.
  3. ^ Jens Birk Lauridsen (1976). "Food emulsifiers: Surface activity, edibility, manufacture, composition, and application". Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society. 53 (6): 400–407. DOI:10.1007/BF02605731.
  4. ^ Sonntag, Norman O. V. (1982). "Glycerolysis of fats and methyl esters — Status, review, and critique". Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society. 59 (10): 795A–802A. DOI:10.1007/BF02634442. ISSN 0003-021X.
  5. ^ Glycerol monostearate Cheminfo
  6. ^ The British Pharmacopoeia Secretariat (2009). "Index, BP 2009" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 11 April 2009. Retrieved 18 March 2010.

  Glycerol monostearate

  1-glycerol monostearate (1-isomer)
  2-glycerol monostearate (2-isomer)
  Names
  IUPAC name 2,3-Dihydroxypropyl octadecanoic
  Other names Glyceryl monostearate Glycerin monostearate Monostearin
  Identifiers
  Compounds (Mix): Mixture of 1- and 2- isomers (1-): 1-glycerol monostearate (2-): 2-glycerol monostearate
  CAS Number	(Mix): 31566-31-1  (1-): 123-94-4 (2-): 621-61-4
  3D model (JSmol)	(Mix): Interactive image
  Abbreviations	GMS
  ChEMBL	(Mix): ChEMBL255696
  ChemSpider	(Mix): 23095
  ECHA InfoCard	100.004.242
  KEGG	(Mix): D01947
  PubChem CID	(1-): 24699 (2-): 79075
  CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	(Mix): DTXSID7029160
  InChI[show]
  SMILES[show]
  Properties
  Chemical formula	C21H42O4
  Molar mass	358.563 g·mol−1
  Appearance	White solid
  Density	1.03 g/cm3
  Melting point	(Mix) 57–65 °C (135–149 °F) (1-) 81 °C (178 °F) [1] (2-) 73–74 °C (163–165 °F) [2]
  Solubility in water	Insoluble
  Hazards
  Flash point	230 °C (446 °F) (open cup)
  Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
  verify (what is  ?)
  Infobox references

  
  
  

  FOR MORE INFORMATION POST ME A COMMENT